Robert Geoffrey Edwards and Patrick Christopher Steptoe developed the technique of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Edwards showed that human oocytes could mature outside the body and be fertilized by sperm in these conditions, in vitro. Thus, they showed that fertilized oocytes and embryos originated being transferred to the womb. Louise Brown was born in 1978, becoming in the “first test-tube baby”, and since then more than five million babies have been born using IVF technique, in addition, the procedure has allowed to know the stages of embryogenesis and intrauterine implantation mechanism. Likewise, it could initiate embryo genetic studies and detection of DNA disorders. Moreover the broad practice of FIV knowledge of stem cells and possible therapeutic application. Edwards and Steptoe are considered relevant scientists in human reproduction. Edwards was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine in 2010. Key words: In vitro fertilization, assisted fertilization, embryogenesis, infertility.